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雷锋网 AI 科技评论按:上一篇文章中我们简单介绍了 OpenAI 的新语言模型 GPT-2,它虽然没有什么技术上的突破,但是依靠超大的参数规模和训练数据,无监督训练后生成/续写文本的效果非常好,简直以假乱真。
相比于技术方面的乏善可陈,模型生成的文本真是趣味多多。乍一看语言流畅、细节完善、有段落层次、有各种具体的细节,但是仔细看内容却有不少莫名其妙的地方。这副「一本正经地胡说八道」的样子让我们笑个没完。和雷锋网 AI 科技评论一起来看看吧。
续写文本赏析人类给定一段文本作为开头,让模型续写补充,形成整篇的文字。上一篇文章中我们摘录、翻译了三个较为成功的例子。
例一
人类给定文本
In a shocking finding, scientist discovered a herd of unicorns living in a remote, previously unexplored valley, in the Andes Mountains. Even more surprising to the researchers was the fact that the unicorns spoke perfect English.
(在一项令人震惊的发现中,科学家们在安第斯山脉中偏远的、从未曾探索过的山谷中发现了一群独角兽。更令研究人员们惊讶的是,这群独角兽能说一口流利的英语。)(AI 科技评论:一个荒诞的故事开头,交给人的话会如何续写呢?)
模型续写(第 10 次尝试的结果)
The scientist named the population, after their distinctive horn, Ovid’s Unicorn. These four-horned, silver-white unicorns were previously unknown to science.
(科学家们以它们的角的名字把它们命名为 Ovid 独角兽,科学界从未知道过这些四只角的、银白色的独角兽的存在。)
Now, after almost two centuries, the mystery of what sparked this odd phenomenon is finally solved.
(如今,经过大概两个世纪之后,这种古老的现象是如何发生的终于找到了答案。)(一句格式自然的转折,即将展开一个内容丰富的故事)
Dr. Jorge Pérez, an evolutionary biologist from the University of La Paz, and several companions, were exploring the Andes Mountains when they found a small valley, with no other animals or humans. Pérez noticed that the valley had what appeared to be a natural fountain, surrounded by two peaks of rock and silver snow.
(La Paz 大学的进化生物学家 Jorge Pérez 博士和他的同行们在探索安第斯山脉的时候发现了一个很小的山谷,这里没有其他的动物或者人类。Pérez 注意到在这个山谷里的似乎是一个自然喷泉,周围还有两座岩石山和银色的雪。)(La Paz 大学、Pérez 博士、安第斯山脉,emmm,模型补充了更多信息,仿佛真的有这么回事)
Pérez and the others then ventured further into the valley. “By the time we reached the top of one peak, the water looked blue, with some crystals on top,” said Pérez.
(Pérez 和其它人更走到了山谷的更深入。“等到我们走到了其中一座山的山顶的时候,水看起来是蓝色的,上面还有一些晶体状的东西”,Pérez 说。)(这个设定有点神秘故事的味道)
Pérez and his friends were astonished to see the unicorn herd. These creatures could be seen from the air without having to move too much to see them – they were so close they could touch their horns.
(Pérez 和他的朋友们看到独角兽群的时候惊呆了。透过空气,不需要有多少动作就可以看到它们 —— 他们走得好近,甚至都可以摸到它们的角。)(精彩的特写!)
While examining these bizarre creatures the scientists discovered that the creatures also spoke some fairly regular English. Pérez stated, “We can see, for example, that they have a common ‘language,’ something like a dialect or dialectic.”
(当这些科学家们检查这些奇怪的生物的时候,他们发现这些生物的英文说得还挺规范的。Pérez 指出“我们可以看到,比如,它们有共通的‘语言’,像是一种口音或者方言”。)
Dr. Pérez believes that the unicorns may have originated in Argentina, where the animals were believed to be descendants of a lost race of people who lived there before the arrival of humans in those parts of South America.(Pérez 博士相信这些独角兽最初是来自阿根廷的,这些动物很有可能是人类迁移到南美洲之前的一支消失了的人种的后裔。)
While their origins are still unclear, some believe that perhaps the creatures were created when a human and a unicorn met each other in a time before human civilization. According to Pérez, “In South America, such incidents seem to be quite common.”
(虽然它们的来源还不确定,有人认为这些动物可能是在人类文明出现之前,有人和独角兽相遇而产生的。Pérez 说:“在南美洲,这种事情一点也不罕见。”)(这里出现了明显的上下文冲突,不过南美洲真是一片充满奥妙的土地)
However, Pérez also pointed out that it is likely that the only way of knowing for sure if unicorns are indeed the descendants of a lost alien race is through DNA. “But they seem to be able to communicate in English quite well, which I believe is a sign of evolution, or at least a change in social organization,” said the scientist.
(然而,Pérez 也指出,也许只有一种办法能确定这些独角兽是不是某一支已经消失了的外星人种族的后裔,那就是通过 DNA。“但是它们用英文沟通的能力不怎么好,在我看来这是一种进化的信号,或者起码是社交组织的一种变化”,这位科学家说。)(模型都知道要用 DNA 技术,二十一世纪真的是生物学的时代啊)
例二
人类给定文本
A train carriage containing controlled nuclear materials was stolen in Cincinnati today. Its whereabouts are unknown.
(今天,一辆载有受控核原料的货运火车在辛辛那提被偷走了。我们不知道它在哪里。)(新闻发布的语气,可以期待模型也继续续写成一个新闻故事)
模型续写(第 1 次尝试的结果)
The incident occurred on the downtown train line, which runs from Covington and Ashland stations.
(事件发生在闹市区的火车线路上,这条线连通考文垂和阿什兰。)
In an email to Ohio news outlets, the U.S. Department of Energy said it is working with the Federal Railroad Administration to find the thief.
(在一封致俄亥俄州新闻发布窗口的邮件中,美国能源部表示它正在和联邦铁路管理局共同协作找到盗贼。)(剧情直接向下发展,部门已经开始处理了)
“The theft of this nuclear material will have significant negative consequences on public and environmental health, our workforce and the economy of our nation,” said Tom Hicks, the U.S. Energy Secretary, in a statement. “Our top priority is to secure the theft and ensure it doesn’t happen again.”
(“这起核原料失窃事件对于公众、环境健康、我们的劳动力和国家的经济有很糟糕的负面后果”,美国能源秘书长 Tom Hicks 在一则声明中表示,“我们的首要任务是确保失窃事件的安全,并确保它不会再次发生。” )(除了用词有些奇怪,这就是一副部门发言的样子)
The stolen material was taken from the University of Cincinnati’s Research Triangle Park nuclear research site, according to a news release from Department officials.
(按照部门官员发布的新闻表示,失窃的材料是从辛辛那提研究院三角公园核能研究院被偷走的)
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