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课文,的人,图说divident(irrespective)
发布时间：2020-12-06加入收藏来源：互联网点击：
5. able (adj.)
Able means having enough power, skill, or resources to do something.
6. fat (adj.)
Fat means having a lot of flesh on the body.
7. undoubtedly (adv.)
Undoubtedly means without doubt.
8. traditionally (adv.)
Traditionally means according to the tradition.
第四十六课时
Lesson Nineteen
Short Conversations 短对话
·梗概→
Rathbone见一正跟Rodney交涉，忙问发生了什么事儿。Rodney说他正散发广告突然警官就来制止他。Rathbone追问警官，警官如实相告：Rodney在镇上四处散发广告已被视为乱丢垃圾的行为，而且依法规要罚款$200，以及清洁费用。Rathbone恼羞成怒……
（1）详解：
the litter bug（前已讲过），口语表达法→随处乱丢垃圾的人
① litter n. 四处随手乱丢的垃圾，尤指在公共场所（in a public place）或室外（outdoors）
② trash n. 扔掉的，无用的，不想要的东西或材料
trash bag
trash can → garbage can (informal)
→ trash bin = container 更大的垃圾箱
trash man → garbageman (informal)
引伸：① 文艺作品粗制滥造，毫无价值
n. U
例：This is a very bad novel. How can you read such trash?
例：I Think you spend too much time watching that trash. Isn't there anything better on channel 13?
② 胡说八道
例：Can you stop talking trash?
例：Give me a break! You are talking trash again.
v. 损（人），（事），（贬低…）
例：Sometimes, John enjoys trashing his colleagues.
例：Don't trash this play. It's not bad at all.
③ garbage = trash
Rubbish = trash
garbage bag
garbage can
garbage man
garbage truck
collect the garbage
例：Mom, can I throw this garbage away?
例：Tom, throw the banana peel in the garbage.
（垃圾箱）
例：Mike was talking a lot of garbage about boys being smarter than girls.
* 垃圾邮件 junk mail
* 垃圾食品 junk food
What is this? = What's going on here? = What happened here?
这究竟是怎么一回事儿？
hand out 用手送，递出去，散发（广告、传单等）→ hand in 上交；递上（辞呈、作业等 ）
↓
hand out n. 会议上或讲座时散发的文件、传单、广告等
例：pass out handouts at the meeting
例：pass out handouts on the sidewalk
when 在…时候 = at that time = “突然” → 表示后面所推意想不到，吃惊。
例：（课文）I was just handing out these flyers when （这时）Joe Friday here clamped down on me.
例：I was just about ready to make a phone call when（就在这时）you walked in.
例：I was just going into the bathroom when the telephone in the bedroom rang.
比较：
例：When are you going to the hairdresser's? 理发馆
例：When I arrived in Beijing, it was already 11 PM.
例：When the cat is away the mice will play.
例：When did you leave your hometown? 老家
“当…的时候，”
例：When I went to her office, she was busy at work.
例：When shall we start?
例：She didn't look very happy when I told her the news.
例：John was only 16 when he went to college.
例：He was already 45 when he got married.
例：I could dive off a thing like that when I was a kid.
clamp down on → clamp n. 夹子、钳子（一端固定在工作台上，一端可松可紧夹住东西的工具）v. 把…夹在一起。
↓
“使用权威或力量制止或限制” → “取缔”，“制服”，可指人，可指事
例：Most of the large bookstores use electronic devices to clamp do on the theft of books.
例：Police are making every effort to clamp do on illegally driving up prices in the area.
So? =So what? 这又怎么样？那又能怎么样？常被认为很粗鲁，慎用
例：— You've done a lousy job.
— So what? Fire me?
例：— Watch your attitude, Bob.
— So?
例：— Mike, you hurt my feelings.
— So?
belong to 属於…所有
例：This pair of sunglasses doesn't belong to me.
例：This big house had belonged to my family for two generations.
例：Who does this laptop belong to?
例：The twin sisters belonged to this couple.
belongings 个人物品
例：Take care of your personal belongings while staying in here.
补充：
口语中belong常表示 … 一个人，是否在正确的地方。
例：I don't feel I belong in this position.
例：That bastard belongs in jail.
* 归属感（close, secure）
a sense of belonging
ticket n. ①票
a lottery ticket
a movie ticket
a plane ticket
* 凭票入场 by ticket only
②罚单
例：a parking ticket
例：a speeding ticket
* 开罚单 give a ticket for
* 吃罚单 get a ticket for
例：Don't spit! Or, you'll get a ticket.
* 请对号入座 Please take seat according to ticket number.
distribute v. 散发（广告，传单等）；分发（礼品等）
例：（课文）Rodney has been distributing these flyers all over town without approval from city hall.
例：It's time to distribute the free gifts to passersby（原形：passerby）.（路过的人）
app5roval/u/ n. → approve/u/ 不要读成/ou/ v.（1）赞同 / 准许、批准
①
例：I cannot approve of my son's marrying so young. （认可）
例：I can hardly approve of it. 不赞成、不认可
例：Do you really approve of my behavior? 认可
例：My dad approves of my new boyfriend.
②
例：Our business plans were approved at the board meeting.
例：My request for visa was approved.
例：The board approved the new budget.
'constitute v. 构成，被视为是 = be considered as
↓
课文：“可视为乱丢垃圾”
例：The job interview does not constitute an offer of employment.
例：These hateful and prejudiced policies constitute a threat to our nation's economy.
'ordinance n. 尤指地方的法规、条令。
搭配：~ against
例： A city ordinance forbids spitting.
例：All the airlines now have ordinances against smoking in the plane.
fine n. 罚金
... impose a fine on → fine 前加钱数
... carry a fine
pay a fine
= fine sb. ... / befined … 指多少钱…
v. 罚…
Long Conversations 长对话
·梗概
班长对John说校长Mr. Green要马上见他。
John 忐忑不安地走进校长办公室。原来当地电视台“6:30新闻”的负责人要来挑选一个青少年记者来开拓青少年市场。John幸运地被选中了。为了拍到好新闻，John绞尽脑汁，坐在银行楼前苦思冥想。交稿时间快到了，可他任何有价值的事件也没拍摄到。他沮丧地准时到台里报道，并不好意思地交上了录像带，谁也没想到原来……
①详解：
wonder v. 对…感到好奇；想知道
↓
常用“我”作主语
（类似课文中）
例：I'm wondering what went wrong this time.
搭配：I wonder if ... 引起一种假设前提
例：I wonder if I'll pass TOEFL this time.
例：I wonder if it'll rain tomorrow.
例：I wonder if she'll come.
例：I wonder if you can help me with my homework.
例：I wonder if I could have another helping of rice.
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