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你认为马来亚战役中英军有多水？为何不是日本人的对手？

马来亚,英军,日军你认为马来亚战役中英军有多水？为何不是日本人的对手？

发布时间：2020-12-06加入收藏来源：互联网点击：

你认为马来亚战役中英军有多水？为何不是日本人的对手？

回答于 2019-09-11 08:43:50

回答于 2019-09-11 08:43:50

从二战前英国对马来亚就缺乏重视。

Between the wars, the British military strategy in the Far East was undermined by a lack of attention and funding.


In 1937, Major-General William Dobbie, General Officer Commanding (GOC) Malaya (1935–39), looked at Malaya's defences and reported that during the monsoon season, from October to March, landings could be made by an enemy on the east coast and bases could be established in Siam (Thailand). He predicted that landings could be made at Songkhla and Pattani in Siam, and Kota Bharu in Malaya。


英国指挥官自己都说英国对马来亚不重视。。。并且他的预测在后来被证明是对的。。

By 1940, however, the army commander in Malaya, Lieutenant-General Lionel Bond, conceded that a successful defence of Singapore demanded the defence of the whole peninsula。


新加坡的防守关系到整个马来亚防御是否成功。。然而我们都知道后来新加坡失手了。。

The defence strategy for Malaya rested on two basic assumptions。

马来西亚的防御战略有两个假设。。。

first, that there would be sufficient early warning of an attack to allow for reinforcement of British troops, and second, that American help was at hand in case of attack. By late 1941, after Lieutenant-General Arthur E. Percival had taken over as GOC Malaya, it became clear that neither of these assumptions had any real substance.


美国的及时支援以及大量物资储备。。。

The Japanese forces held a slight advantage in numbers on the ground in northern Malaya, and were significantly superior in close air support, armour, co-ordination, tactics, and experience, with the Japanese units having fought in China.

初期日本军队依靠强大的数量优势， 空中优势以及制海权，还有丰富的经验，成功登陆马来亚。。。

but the Indian troops were easily defeated by the Royal Thai Police and the Japanese 5th Division which had already landed in Pattani Province,


印度军队在这场战役表现不尽人意，被泰军和日军轻易击败。。。

在空中力量对比，英军也处于绝对优势。。。

Prior to the invasion on 8 December there were 75 Allied aircraft stationed in northern Malaya and 83 in Singapore. The only fighter squadron in northern Malaya was No 21 Squadron RAAF that was equipped with 12 Brewster Buffalos.[22] The Japanese had over 459 aircraft available.

并且英国空军在此次战役表现的不尽人意，开战第一天被摧毁60架战机。。。

On the first day the focus of the Japanese air assault was on the Allied air bases. Mitsubishi Ki-21 Sallys from the 7th Hikodan bombed the airfields at Alor Star, Sungai Petani, and Butterworth. A total of 60 Allied aircraft were lost on the first day primarily on the ground

在Battle of Jitra以后，第11印度步兵师受到重创。。帕西瓦尔自己承认军队情况不容乐观。。。

By the end of the first week in January, the entire northern region of Malaya had been lost to the Japanese.

在开战第一周，日本攻占了整个马来西亚北部。。。

The 11th Indian Division managed to delay the Japanese advance at Kampar for a few days, in which the Japanese suffered severe casualties in terrain that did not allow them to use their tanks or their air superiority to defeat the British.

不过由于恶劣自然环境，而使得英军有能力延迟日军的进攻。。。

而且日军的战术创新也让英国人感到惊讶。在Battle of Slim River以后。。一位英国军官写道

I am rightly criticised for the location of Brigade Headquarters, and for not using the Field Artillery in an anti-tank role...It is no excuse, but I had never taken part in an exercise embodying a coordinated anti-tank defence or this type of attack. The use of tanks on a road at night was a surprise.

在一个小镇战斗中，英军摧毁了9两日军坦克，算是小胜一场。。尽管这样日军还是切断了英军从马来西亚北部撤退的主要道路，迫使他们往深林去。。。最终马来西亚的英军撤往新加坡。。

马来西亚的英军最后一场战斗是在2月14号结束。。The final battle before the surrender was with the Royal Malay Regiment at Bukit Candu on the 14 February.

英军极其盟友损失。。

In less than two months, the Battle for Malaya had ended in comprehensive defeat for the Commonwealth forces and their retreat from the Malay Peninsula to the fortress of Singapore. Nearly 50,000 Commonwealth troops had been captured or killed during the battle.

145,703 5,703 killed or died of wounds up to 31 January + 7,531 killed or died of wounds 1-16 February[8] 10,000 wounded 130,000 captured


日军损失。。

9,657 (Including the casualties of Battle of Singapore)

3,507 killed

6,150 wounded

而且战前英军就缺少坦克。。。日军大概有200两坦克可供使用

日军军事装备

When the Japanese invaded, they had over 200 tanks, consisting of the Type 95 Ha-Go, Type 97 Chi-Ha, Type 89 I-Go and Type 97 Te-Ke.[13] In addition, they had over 500 combat aircraft available.


英军极其盟友装备

Commonwealth troops were equipped with the Lanchester 6x4 Armoured Car, Marmon-Herrington Armoured Car, Universal Carrier and only 23 obsolete Mk VIB light tanks (in the 100th Light Tank Squadron of the Indian Army), none of which were sufficiently armed for armoured warfare.[4] They had just over 250 combat aircraft, but half of these were destroyed inside the first few days of combat.

所以从一开始，就注定英军会输。。。

回答于 2019-09-11 08:43:50

英军其实一直没多水，毕竟驻守马来半岛的英军多是澳大利亚，新西兰和印度来的殖民地动员兵，但是不可否认这是英国的一次重大失败，如此众多的白人士兵被歼灭和投降也是英国的耻辱。



英国的马来亚混合部队其实一直缺乏欧洲本土必要的关心，因为马来亚前面是法国的法属印度支和美国的殖民地菲律宾，马六甲海峡虽然位置重要但是一直没什么威胁，因此驻守此地的英军数量不多，装备也很差毕竟这个地方也是多年没有战事，英法美荷早已划分好势力范围。



但是短短数年时间，法国倒了，日本对英美已经起了杀心，没人想到日本真的铤而走险袭击了珍珠港，与此同时山下奉文的部队以极快的效率准备好了对马来亚的突袭。



驻守马来亚的14万英军在战前没有建立起有效的防线，而日军已经在海南，越南和泰国建立了前进基地，英国政府没有从外交和情报上有效的限制日本在东南亚的布局，而英国军队也像无头苍蝇，把军队一点一点分散的布置在半岛上，在日军登陆后被逐个击破。

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