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英文“have”的用法？有哪些需要注意的地方？

表示,动词,英语英文“have”的用法？有哪些需要注意的地方？

发布时间：2019-02-08加入收藏来源：互联网点击：

问题补充： 关于“有”的用法是“have you a brother”？还是“have you got a brother”？要不要加动词？如要加动词原型吗？

回答于 2019-09-11 08:43:50

回答于 2019-09-11 08:43:50

一、做实意动词。

（1）表示“有”。

I have a dream. 我有一个梦想。

否定形式：I don’t have a dream. 我没有梦想。

当然也可以说 I have no dreams.

疑问形式：Do you have a dream？

（2）参加某些活动。

We are going to have a meeting this Thursday. 这周四我们要开会。

（3）表示患病；生育。

I have a headache. 我脑瓜疼。

She will have a baby in winter. 她会在冬天生产。

（4）表示吃喝。

I wanted to have a cup of tea .我想喝杯茶。

（5）组成复合结构

have sb. do sth. 让别人做某事

The teacher has her students do their homework. 老师让学生写作业。

(have sb.(sth.)doing 让别人一直做某事

The teacher has her students doing their homework all night long.老师让学生一直做作业。

have sb. (sth.)done 某件事被做；遭遇到某事

He has the floor cleaned. 他找人清理了地板。

The couple had their windows broken. 这对夫妇家的窗户被打破了。

（6）have to do不得不做某事

I have to memorize these words tonight. 我今晚必须记住这些单词。

（7）have nothing(something)to do with，表示“和…无（有）”关系

Most of the questions have nothing to do with your subject. 很多问题与你的学科无关。

二、做助动词。

（8）have done 现在完成时

Great changes have taken place. 发生了巨大的变化。

（9）must＋have+done，表示对过去时间发生的动作或存在的情况的推测

You must have left your bag in the theatre. 你肯定把包落在剧院了。

（10）should＋have＋done，表示“某事本该早做而实际未做”

You should have arrived at the station at 5.00. 你本应该5点到车站的。

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回答于 2019-09-11 08:43:50

have是英语五大动词之一，have的用法足足可以写一本书来详细讲述。不过最常用的不外呼以下几种。另外，注意上下文也有助于确定词意。

一，have 用作助动词: 没有词意。

1 used with past participles to form perfect tenses 〔与过去分词连用构成动词的完成时态〕

Our guests have arrived.

我们的客人到了。

Has anyone phoned?

有人打过电话来吗？

We’ve been spending too much money.

我们已经花掉太多钱了。

I hadn’t seen him for 15 years.

我已经15年没见他了。

‘I hope you’ve read the instructions.’ ‘Yes, of course I have.’

“我希望你已经看过使用说明了。”“当然看过了。”

You haven’t done much, have you?

你没做多少，是吗？

2 sb had better/best do sth

used to say that someone should do something 某人最好[应该]做某事

You’d better phone to say you’ll be late.

你最好打电话去说一声你要晚到。

We’d better not tell Jim about our plans just yet.

我们最好先别把计划告诉吉姆。

3 had sb done sth

if someone had done something formal 如果某人做了某事 【正式】

Had we known about it earlier, we could have warned people of the danger.

假如早点知道这件事的话，我们就能提醒人们有危险了。

表示 特性/特征 ( also 又作 have got especially BrE 【尤英】 )

[not in progressive 不用进行式] used to say what someone or something looks like, what qualities or features they possess etc 具有〔某种外表、特性或特征〕

She has dark hair and brown eyes.

她一头黑发，眼睛是棕色的。

Sullivan’s music does have a certain charm.

沙利文的音乐确实具有某种魅力。

You need to have a lot of patience to be a teacher.

当老师必须具备相当的耐心。

Wild rice has a very nutty flavour.

菰米有很浓的坚果风味。

He didn’t even have the courtesy to answer my letter.

他连给我回封信的礼貌都没有。

have it in you (= have the skill or special quality needed to do something) 有某种技能[特质]

You should have seen the way Dad was dancing – I didn’t know he had it in him!

你真该看看爸爸跳舞的样子——我还真不知道他有这两下子呢！

表示经历

to experience something or be affected by something 经历，遇到

We’ve been having a lot of difficulties with our new computer system.

我们使用新计算机系统时遇到了重重困难。

I’m afraid your son has had a serious accident.

恐怕你儿子遇到严重事故了。

He is in hospital having treatment for a knee injury.

他正在医院接受膝伤的治疗。

I hope you have a good holiday.

祝你假期愉快。

have a good/terrible etc time

Thanks for everything – we had a great time.

谢谢你——我们玩得很开心。

have sb doing sth

He found it quite natural to have people fussing over him.

他觉得别人对他关怀备至理所应当。

IN A POSITION OR STATE 处于某一位置或状态 ( also 又作 have got especially BrE 【尤英】 )

[not in progressive 不用进行式] used to say that your body or something else is in a particular position or state, because you moved or did something 使保持；使在〔某位置或状态〕

She had her back to the door.

她背对着门。

have sth open/closed/on etc

I had my eyes half-closed.

我半闭着眼睛。

Janice likes to have the window open.

贾尼丝喜欢开着窗户。

have sth doing sth

He’s always got the stereo playing.

他总是开着立体声音响。