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英文日期格式(高考英语语法填空之“单词变形记”)
名词,形容词,单词英文日期格式(高考英语语法填空之“单词变形记”)
发布时间:2019-02-08加入收藏来源:互联网点击:
几乎每套高考英语试卷的语法填空题都有2—3个题目要对括号内所给的单词进行词性转换。分析句子结构,并确定所填单词在句子中的语法功能是解答词性转换题的关键。
从多年高考命题来看,词性转换一般遵循以下原则:
1.加后缀,不加前缀;
2.单词由短变长,由简变繁;
3.一步到位,不发生多次变化。
“单词变形记”之一:提示词是名词
提示词是名词时,按照考频排序,常见的名词变形有以下形式:
1.变成复数形式(高频);
2.变成形容词(高频);
3.变成名词所有格形式(低频);
4.变成同根名词(低频);
5.变成动词(低频)。
知识点拨1:
名词变形容词构词规律
链接高考
1.The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate 62 (population) and homes of giant pandas, and eventually achieve a desired level of population in the wild.(2022年新高考Ⅰ卷)
[解析] populations。考查名词复数。因为前面有separate(分开的)修饰,且population为可数名词,故填复数形式populations。
2. 69 (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim to have a low impact on the natural environment.(2021年全国乙卷)
[解析] Activities。考查名词复数。空格处所填单词在句中作主语,再结合谓语动词range可知,应填入所给词的复数形式,该词位于句首,第一个字母要大写,故填Activities。
3. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 49 (watchtower) to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their daily routines.(2021年全国甲卷)
[解析]watchtowers。考查名词复数。所填单词受different修饰,和gates并列,所以要用复数名词,故填watchtowers。
4. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we 57 (human) are.(2021年新高考I卷)
[解析]humans。考查名词复数。此处所填单词作we的同位语,再由后面的系动词are可知,此处应填名词的复数形式,故填humans。
5. Later, they learned to work with the 62 (season) planting at the right time and, in dry areas, making use of annual floods to irrigate (灌溉) their fields.(2020年6月浙江卷)
[解析]seasons。考查名词复数。句意为:后来,他们学会了随季节在适当的时间种植,并且在干旱地区,利用每年的洪水灌溉他们的田地。根据常识可知一年有四季,故填复数形式seasons。
7. Provide 68 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.(2021年全国乙卷)
[解析]financial。考查形容词。空格处所填单词作定语,修饰名词aid,因此应填入提示词的形容词形式,故填financial。
8. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 50 (day) routines.(2021年全国甲卷)
[解析]daily。考查形容词。此处所填单词作定语,修饰名词routines,需用形容词,故填daily。
9. The 69 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.(2020年全国Ⅱ卷)
[解析]beautiful。考查形容词。空格处所填单词作定语,修饰名词branches,需用形容词,故填beautiful。
10. In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36 (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art.(2020年新高考Ⅰ卷)
[解析]wealthy。考查形容词。空格处所填单词作定语,修饰名词people,需用形容词形式,故填wealthy。
11. It is calculated by dividing a 38 (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 is considered healthy.(2021年1月浙江卷)
[解析]person’s。考查名词所有格。句意:它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(千克)除以身高(米)的平方,BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知,person是修饰weight的,要用person的名词所有格,故填person’s。
12. My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a 66 (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.(2018年全国Ⅲ卷)
[解析]scientist。考查表示职业的名词。根据句子的主语I和空格处后的定语从句可知,空格处所填单词指人,故填scientist。
13. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes.(2018年全国Ⅰ卷))
[解析]strengthen。考查动词。空格处所填单词构成动词不定式短语,作目的状语,故填动词strengthen。
“单词变形记”之二:提示词是代词
提示词是代词时,一般是给出人称代词主格形式。按照考频排序,常见的代词变形有以下形式:
1.变成反身代词(高频);
2.变成形容词性的物主代词(低频);
3.变成名词性的物主代词(低频)。
【链接高考】
1. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of 61 (she), everything in good taste and in perfect order.(2021年6月浙江卷)
[解析] herself。考查反身代词。句意为:Mary非常漂亮,那座房子就是她自己的一个写照……。此处应用she的反身代词形式herself作介词of的宾语,故填herself。
2. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine 42 (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.(2020年新高考Ⅰ卷)
[解析] themselves。考查反身代词。空格处所填单词和主语visitors指的是相同的人,作imagine的宾语,故填反身代词themselves。
3. The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled(揭幕)at the ceremony, opening 70 (it) first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth — A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.(2022年全国乙卷)
[解析] its。考查形容词性物主代词。its作定语,修饰后面的名词:its first exhibition 意为“它的首次展览”,故填its。
4. As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in 64 (Ⅰ).(2021年新高考I卷)
[解析] mine。考查名词性的物主代词。结合前面的句子可知,空格处所填单词代指my memory,故填名词性物主代词mine作in的宾语。
“单词变形记”之三:提示词是动词
提示词是动词时,按照考频排序,常见的动词变形有以下形式:
1.变成名词(高频);
2.变成形容词(低频)。
知识点拨2:
动词变名词构词规律
知识点拨3:
动词变形容词构词规律
【链接高考】
1. Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental 65 (protect). (2022年全国甲卷)
[解析] protection。考查名词。前面是动词promote,空格处所填单词是它的宾语。而且environmental是形容词,作定语修饰名词,故填名词protection。
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