您现在的位置: 首页 > 网站导航收录 > 百科知识百科知识

古代食盒（古代食盒图片）

食盒,提盒,清代古代食盒（古代食盒图片）

发布时间：2019-02-08加入收藏来源：互联网点击：

很多朋友想了解关于鏂囧寲的一些资料信息，下面是小编整理的与鏂囧寲相关的内容分享给大家，一起来看看吧。很多朋友想了解关于鑹烘湳的一些资料信息，下面是小编整理的与鑹烘湳相关的内容分享给大家，一起来看看吧。

古代食盒(古代食盒图片)

然而鲜为人知的是，最迟在2000多年前的战国时期，中国人就已经使用“饭盒”了。

事实上，不晚于2000多年前的战国时期，古代中国人就开始使用某种“便当盒”。

战国青铜器，镶银澳兽纹青铜鼎食盒，战国

古代的“饭盒”，即“食盒”，是一种用于盛放食物的竹木结构器皿，有底有盖，内部至少有一层。

翻阅历史文献可以发现，历史上的食盒名称并不局限于一个，包括“句句", "句", "句", "句句", "句句”等等。虽然名称不同，但从功能上来说，都属于“食盒”的范畴。

在历史上，古代的食盒有各种各样的名字，但功能相似。

到了明清时期，“食盒”一词开始被广泛使用，在很多文学作品中都有记载。

在过去，“便当盒”是由竹子和木头支撑的食物盒，里面有盖子和底部。一些中国文学作品中提到了它们，如分别写于明和清的中国古典小说《金瓶梅》和《儒林外史》。

比如明代长篇白话小说第十四回，《金瓶梅》:“西门庆听了话喜出望外，即命赖旺儿、黛安儿、赖兴、平安用两个食盒，将三千两金银带到家中；再比如清代吴创作的小说《儒林外史》第一次：“我正想着的时候，只见远处一个夯锤，挑着一箱粮食。"

汉代彩绘食盒汉代彩绘食盒

食盒的流行与古代的“外卖”业密切相关。

早在汉代，就诞生了与今天颇为相似的“外卖”行业。许多名人都是“外卖”爱好者，餐馆用来运送熟食的器具是食品盒。

早在汉代，外卖服务的兴起广泛促进了酒馆和餐馆对食物容器的使用。

箱子的长、宽、大小不一，最大的能达到半个人的高度，必须两个人的肩膀扛着才能移动；小到欧(锅碗瓢盆)，一个人就能拿。

古代“便当盒”的尺寸各不相同。大的可以有半个男人那么高，需要两个人才能搬动，而小的可以一个人就能轻松拿着。

据文献记载，饭盒在唐宋时期已经广泛使用。南宋绘画《春游晚归图》(佚名)中，一个人物挑了一个有两个抽屉的方形食盒。这幅画非常珍贵。

在唐宋时期，像今天的食物盒这样的食物容器被广泛使用，正如下面展示的南宋名画之一所描绘的那样。

南宋《春游晚归图》年的食盒男子背着食盒依附在南宋的一幅古画中。

因为食盒里往往装着精致昂贵的食物，所以它的制作技术大多是上乘的。古代的食盒有木、竹、珐琅等材质，多为木质，尤其是紫檀木、黄华丽、翼状、花梨木等质地细腻、色泽光润的硬木，结实坚韧。

性，制成的食盒耐磕碰，又具有一定的重量，在挑、提的时候食物不易晃荡。




Usually, craftsmen would use exquisite materials to make boxes for delicate food, such as wood, bamboo and enamel, among which wood was mostly used, especially red sandalwood, Chinese rosewood, wenge, and santos rose wood. They were close-grained, bright-colored, and cast-iron enough to make good food boxes, and didn't weigh too much for one to shoulder or carry without waggle.




古代食盒的规制很多，按照使用方式大致可以分成提盒、捧盒、攒盒三种。




Ancient "bento boxes" could be roughly divided into three kinds: food boxes with handle, food boxes for holding and multi-grid food boxes.




清雍正五彩龙凤瑞兽缠枝食盒 Five-colored food box inlaid with patterns of a dragon and a phoenix as well as auspicious beasts, during the reign of Emperor Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty




提盒是古代送外卖时最常用的食盒，它有着对称的提梁托着盒子，虽然体型较大，但材质较轻，一只手就可以拎着带走。




The first kind was the most common one. With relatively larger size, the containers had symmetrical hoop handles and a light weight, so people could carry them with one hand only while walking.




提盒出现得较早，最初的提盒不过两根提梁，加几层格子，材质不是白木涂漆，就是竹编而成，都比较粗糙。直到宋代，一些文人对提盒产生了兴趣，也参与设计，于是提盒便成了一种透着文雅之气的厨房用具。




Food boxes with handle were coarse at first, until some literati participated in their design and changed them into "elegant" kitchen utensils in the Song Dynasty.

清代黄花梨提盒 Handled food box made of Chinese rosewood, Qing Dynasty

时至明清，提盒材质变得更加多样，甚至出现了雕漆或百宝嵌装饰。一些工艺价值极高的提盒已不用作盛放食物，而是作为贮藏玉石印章、小件文玩之具了。




During the Ming and Qing dynasties, food boxes with handles took on more styles, some decorated with carved lacquerware or inlaid with a variety of processed semi-precious materials. Some high-value boxes even became containers of jade and small articles for amusement rather than food.




明崇祯竹篾髹（xiū）漆描金三撞八棱形食盒 Gilt octagonal food box made of bamboo, during the reign of Emperor Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty




清代粉彩百子图食盒 Famille rose food box decorated with baizitu, a traditional painting theme featuring the images of lots of children, Qing Dynasty

清代是食盒发展史上的高峰，这一时期还盛行一种捧盒。捧盒，顾名思义，就是捧着使用的，其造型有扁圆形、方形、钟形、六角形、八角形、桃形、荷叶形、牡丹形等，这些形状便于捧持，且具有一定的礼仪功能。




Besides those with handles, food boxes for holding also became prevalent in the Qing Dynasty. In multifarious shapes, like square, hexagon, octagon, lotus leaf and peach, they were easy to hold and served a part of some sort of social etiquette.

清代象牙雕人物玲珑提食盒 Carved ivory food box with figures, Qing Dynasty

捧盒的材质多为瓷、漆、木，偶有珐琅和金属，这些材料隔热、保温效果好，又因为制作工艺特殊，所以不会特别沉。




Most of these boxes were made of porcelain, lacquer, wood, occasionally enamel or metal, for thermal insulation and heat preservation purposes. They were not that heavy thanks to the peculiar workmanship.




清乾隆大漆嵌螺钿三层食盒 Three-layer lacquer food box with mother-of-pearl inlay, during the reign of Emperor Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty

清代皇帝过寿，臣子献礼必须以捧盒呈送，显得十分庄重；而帝王嘉奖内侍小食，也是用捧盒盛出赐予，显得非常私密。但皇帝赏赐捧盒也未必都是好事，据民间传言，如果臣子发现皇帝给的食盒是空的，那就意味着“禄尽命绝”，只得自行了断了，跟今天影视剧中的“领便当”有异曲同工之处。




宫廷之外，清代官宦人家上菜，餐具外还要套上捧盒，这样既避免食物太烫导致端拿不便，又能保温和防止落尘。




In the Qing Dynasty, ministers and imperial kinsmen presented food boxes containing gifts to emperors on their birthdays. A food box was also used when emperors rewarded servants with snacks. But an empty box from the emperor might hint bad luck, as it meant termination of one's official career as well as an order to end one's life, according to some hearsay. In officials' mansions, when dinner was served, food boxes were also used as a dust-proof "outerwear" to keep the food warm and avoid scalds.

 1/2    1 2 下一页 尾页