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罗马帝国曾经强大过的国家，如今为何变的神秘？

罗马,拉丁语,希腊语罗马帝国曾经强大过的国家，如今为何变的神秘？

发布时间：2019-02-08加入收藏来源：互联网点击：

罗马帝国曾经强大过的国家，如今为何变的神秘？

回答于 2019-09-11 08:43:50

回答于 2019-09-11 08:43:50

能问出这种问题的人，简直是人才。论到世界历史哪个帝国最神秘，根本就没罗马啥事。。。

从公元前753，罗马建城之始及至公元1453年，君士坦丁堡陨落。。两千多年的国家，已经多次出现在西方史学家的笔下。。

先从语言上来说，拉丁语，希腊语流传至今，本人就读于中外合作办学，所认识的外方老师基本会拉丁语，因为拉丁语在国外高中是选修课程，国内目前也有少数几所大学开设拉丁语课程，如果有学希腊语的同学必定会读过东罗马时期的希腊语著作。。

在从法律来说，西方的现有法律无一例外都可以从罗马法中找到痕迹。。更别说法律学说上的自然法，正是罗马共和国末期著名的政治家 思想家 法学家西塞罗将它发扬光大！



西塞罗此人备受文艺复兴时期的名人彼特拉克推崇，启蒙时期的思想名人数次引用他的著作，同时此人也被誉为三权分立的先行者！

从政治来说，罗马首创元首制，罗马皇帝中的头衔Augustus(奥古斯都) 被多名神罗皇帝引用为头衔。。。更别说德语中的Kaiser来自于罗马的Caesar(恺撒)，如今德语中的帝国就是KaiserReich。此外东欧普遍使用的沙皇，最早也是来自于罗马.

Tsar (/zɑːr, tsɑːr/; Old Church Slavonic: ц︢рь [usually written thus with a title] or цар, цaрь), also spelled csar, or czar, is a title used to designate East and South Slavic monarchs or supreme rulers of Eastern Europe. As a system of government in the Tsardom of Russia and the Russian Empire, it is known as Tsarist autocracy, or Tsarism. The term is derived from the Latin word Caesar, which was intended to mean "Emperor" in the European medieval sense of the term—a ruler with the same rank as a Roman emperor, holding it by the approval of another emperor or a supreme ecclesiastical official (the Pope or the Ecumenical Patriarch)—but was usually considered by western Europeans to be equivalent to king, or to be somewhat in between a royal and imperial rank.

此外英语中的Emperor(皇帝)也是最早来自于拉丁语中的Imperator，这个词最初是军团统帅的意思后来则是元首以及皇帝的头衔。。

Translatio imperii (Latin for "transfer of rule") is a historiographical concept, largeating in the Middle Ages, in which history is viewed as a linear succession of transfers of an imperium that invests supreme power in a singular ruler, an "emperor" (or sometimes even several emperors, e.g., the Eastern Roman Empire and the Western Holy Roman Empire). The concept is closely linked to translatio studii (the geographic movement of learning). Both terms are thought to have their larges in the second chapter of the Book of Daniel in the Hebrew Bible (verses 39–40).


此外参议院Senate这个词最早在拉丁语指元老院。

教皇头衔中有个Pontifex Maximus(罗马大祭司)，这头衔就来自于罗马，因为这头衔原本就是罗马皇帝使用的过头衔。格拉蒂安时代正式将这个头衔移除

文化

现在西方一堆罗马时期的建筑或者典型罗马风格的建筑。。

美国国会

有一句谚语叫条条大路通罗马(All Roads Lead to Rome)

All Roads Lead to Rome" is the modern reading of a medieval statement, apparently largeally a reference to Roman roads generally and the Milliarium Aureum (Golden Milestone) specifically.[1] As a proverb, it refers to the fact that many routes can lead to a given result.


当年奥古斯都时代，当年修建帝国公共基础设施，所以才会有此谚语的出现。

众所周知，8月份的英文是August, 元老院命名此月是为了纪念奥古斯都

但是7月(July)与恺撒有关。。

July is the seventh month of the year (between June and August) in the Julian and Gregorian Calendars and the fourth of seven months to have a length of 31 days. It was named by the Roman Senate in honour of Roman general Julius Caesar, it being the month of his birth. Prior to that, it was called Quintilis, being the fifth month of the 10-month calendar.


此外在中国，关于罗马历史的史书在书籍市场是热门，大量罗马史书被介绍过来。。好莱坞也拍了众多反应罗马时代的电影，最典型的就是角斗士。