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leave的用法(一文掌握现在完成时的用法)

动词,状语,延续性leave的用法(一文掌握现在完成时的用法)

发布时间：2019-02-08加入收藏来源：互联网点击：

现在完成时可以和带有since或for等表示一段时间的状语连用，表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在。但是，像come, arrive, buy等终止性动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。要用，必须将其改为相应的延续性动词来表述。现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换：
arrive → be here　　　　　　　　

begin(start) → be on
die →be dead　　　　　　　　

come back → be back
leave →be away　　　　　　　　

fall ill(sick, asleep)→be ill(sick, asleep)
get up→be up　　　　　　　　　

go out→be out
finish →be over　　　　　　　　

put on→wear 或be on
open→be open　　　　　　　　

join→be in或 be a member of…
close→be closed　　　　　　

go to school → be a student
borrow→keep　　　　　　　 　

buy→have　　　　　
catch(a cold)→ have(a cold)　

get to know →know
begin to study→study　　　　　

come to work→work

例如：

He has been a soldier for three years. 他参军三年了。
His father has been dead for two years. 他父亲去世两年了。
The film has been on for ten minutes. 电影已开始十分钟了。
We have studied English for three years. 我们（开始）学英语已三年了。

八、have/has gone to；have/has been to；have/has been in的区别

have/has gone to：已经去了或在途中，还没有返回；

have/has been to：曾经去过某地，现在已经回来了，后面可接表示“次数”的状语；

have/has been in：表示某人“已在某地停留一段时间，现仍在那里”，其后常带表示一段时间的状语。 例如：

— Where is Tom? Tom 在哪儿？

— He has gone to the bookshop to buy some books.

他去书店买书了。

I have been in Beijing for 5 years.

我在北京待了5年了。

Jack has been to Shanghai twice. Jack

去过上海两次了。

巩固练习

　一、单项填空。

1. Li Hong has ________ the army for 2 years.
A. joined　　　

B. be in　　　

C. been in 　　　

D. joined in
2. We have been friends since ______.
A. children　　　

B. five years　　　

C. five years ago 　　　

D. five years before
3. Mike ___________ the story for a month.
A. has bought 　　　

B. has had 　　　

C. had had　　　

D. has borrowed
4. You ______ that question three times.
A. already asked　　　　　　

B. have already asked
C. already have asked 　　　

D. asked already
5. Those foreign friends left Guangzhou __________.
A. since last week　　

B. a week ago 　　

C. for a week　　

D. since a week ago
6. I _____ at this school for two years.
A. am studying 　　　

B. study 　　　

C. studied 　　　

D. have studied
7. They _________ in the city since last summer.
A. live 　　　

B. didn’t live　　　

C. have lived　　　　

D. live
8. Mrs. Wang has lived in Haikou _____ 1992.
A. since　　　

B. from 　　　

C. after 　　　　

D. in
9. Mr. Black _________Chinasince the summer of 1998.
A. has been to 　　　

B. has been in　　　

C. has come to 　　　　

D. came to
10. His father _______ for years.
A. has died 　　

B. has been dead　　　

C. died D. dies

[真题链接]

1. — Beibei, is Mr. Chen in the office?

— No. He for half an hour.

A. left

B. has left

C. has been away

2. — Is Miss Green in the office?

— No, she ____ to the library.

A. goes

B. had goes

C. has gone

D. would go

3. — A new shop ______ for a week nearby. Let’s have a look there.

— Good idea. But it doesn’t ____ on Mondays.

A. opened; opened

B. has been opened; open

C. has opened; opened

D. has been open; open
二、用 already或 yet填空。

1. Have they taken down the old pictures ____? No, not _______.
2. Most of us have finished our compositions ________
3. He said he hadn’t visited the exhibition ________.
三、用 since或 for填空。

1. We have learned five lessons ______ the beginning of this term.
2. Mrs. Liao has been in hospital ______last week.
3. I have stayed at my aunt’s _____two weeks.

四、用have/has been to/in, have gone to及go的各种形式填空。

1. — Where is Jack?

— He __________ his country.

2. John __________Englandsince he came back.

3. How long __________ you __________this village?

4. The Smiths __________ Beijing for years.

5. — __________you ever __________ America?

— Yes, I __________ there many times.

6. I __________this school since three years ago.

7. — When __________ he __________?

— He __________ an hour ago.

8. — Would you like to __________ the zoo with me?

— Yes, but I __________there before.

9. — Where __________ you __________ just now?

— I __________ the zoo.

10. He often__________ swimming.

11. __________ you __________ there last year?

12. __________ they often __________skating in winter?

五、句型转换，每空一词。

1. He has already gone home.

He _______ _______ home _________. (否定句)

________ he ________ home _________? (一般疑问句)

2. He has lunch at home.

He ________ _________ lunch at home. (否定句)

________ he _______ lunch at home? (一般疑问句)

3. He has been there twice. (对划线部分提问)

________ ______ _______ ________ he been there?

4. I have lunch at school. (对划线部分提问)

________ ________ you _________ lunch.

5. They have been here since 2000.

________ ________ have they been here? (对划线部分提问)

6. This factory opened twenty years ago.(改为同义句)

This factory________ ________ ________ for twenty years.

7. Miss Gao left an hour ago. (改为同义句)

Miss Gao _______ _______ _______ _______ an hour ago.

8. Her mother has been a Party member for three years. (改为同义句)

Her mother ______ the Party three years _______ .

9. The Green Family moved toFrancetwo years ago. (改为同义句)

_______ two years ________ the Green family moved toFrance.

10. The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子)

_______________________________

参考答案

一、单项填空。

1. C。现在完成时在肯定句中，与since或for引出的时间状语连用的是延续性动词，不能是短暂性动词。在此题中join是短暂性动词，不能与for 时间段连用，须把它改成相应的延续性动词。此题join要改成be in。这两种词的转换是学习现在完成时需要注意的。
2. C。现在完成时表示过去已经开始，一直持续到现在的动作或状态。它的时间状语since 表过去的时间点，for 时间段连用。
3. B。在肯定句中，与since或for引出的时间状语连用的是延续性动词，不能是短暂性动词，在此题中buy是短暂性动词，不能与for 时间段连用，须把它改成相应的延续性动词。此题 buy 要改成 has had。

4. B。现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作或存在的状态对现在造成的影响或结果；already 应放在have后面。

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